/* ============================================================
   Varad Vishwarupe, Personal Site
   Editorial / academic / researcher
   ============================================================ */

:root {
  /* dark, ink-blue palette w/ warm cream text */
  --paper: #f3ede2;          /* warm cream (text) */
  --paper-2: #1f2d3c;        /* slightly raised surface */
  --paper-3: #28394b;        /* card */
  --ink: #0c1722;            /* deep navy ink (background) */
  --ink-2: #16222e;
  --ink-mute: #a8b3bf;        /* muted text on dark */
  --ink-soft: #7d8893;
  --rule: #2a3a4c;            /* hairline on dark */
  --rule-strong: #3d4f63;

  --accent: #e88a5f;          /* warm vermillion (lighter for dark bg) */
  --accent-soft: #f0a384;
  --accent-deep: #c2492a;

  --gold: #d8b06a;
  --moss: #8fc16e;

  /* type */
  --serif: 'Newsreader', 'Source Serif Pro', Georgia, serif;
  --serif-italic: 'Instrument Serif', 'Newsreader', Georgia, serif;
  --sans: 'Geist', 'Helvetica Neue', system-ui, sans-serif;
  --mono: 'Geist Mono', 'JetBrains Mono', ui-monospace, monospace;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }

html, body {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--paper);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.55;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}

body {
  /* subtle ambience */
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(circle at 18% 8%, rgba(232,138,95,0.06), transparent 45%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 82% 55%, rgba(143,193,110,0.04), transparent 55%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 50% 100%, rgba(232,138,95,0.05), transparent 50%);
}

::selection { background: var(--accent); color: var(--ink); }

a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }

/* ---------- TYPE ---------- */
.serif { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -0.01em; }
.serif-it { font-family: var(--serif-italic); font-style: italic; font-weight: 400; }

/* Highlight class - orange accent for emphasis without italics */
.hi { color: var(--accent); font-weight: 500; }
.mono { font-family: var(--mono); font-weight: 400; }
.label {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}
.caps {
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  font-size: 11px;
}

/* ---------- LAYOUT PRIMITIVES ---------- */
.wrap {
  max-width: 1240px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 32px;
}
.wrap-narrow {
  max-width: 920px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 32px;
}

.hairline { height: 1px; background: var(--rule); border: 0; margin: 0; }
.hairline-strong { height: 1px; background: var(--paper); border: 0; margin: 0; }

/* ---------- TOP BAR ---------- */
.topbar {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 50;
  background: rgba(12,23,34,0.72);
  backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(20px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(20px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(42,58,76,0.6);
}
.topbar-inner {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr auto;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 32px;
  padding: 16px 36px;
  max-width: 1280px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}
.brand {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 14px;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 17px;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.brand-mark {
  width: 32px;
  height: 32px;
  border-radius: 8px;
  background: linear-gradient(145deg, var(--paper) 0%, #e6dfd2 100%);
  color: var(--ink);
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 16px;
  letter-spacing: -0.05em;
  box-shadow:
    0 0 0 1px rgba(243,237,226,0.1),
    0 4px 14px -4px rgba(232,138,95,0.25);
  transition: transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease;
}
.brand:hover .brand-mark {
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow:
    0 0 0 1px rgba(243,237,226,0.18),
    0 6px 20px -4px rgba(232,138,95,0.45);
}
.brand-name {
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
}
.brand-meta {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  margin-left: 10px;
  padding-left: 14px;
  border-left: 1px solid var(--rule);
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.nav {
  display: flex;
  gap: 2px;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.nav a {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.13em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 7px 14px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  position: relative;
  transition: color 0.18s ease, background-color 0.18s ease;
}
.nav a::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 50%;
  bottom: 1px;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  width: 0;
  height: 1.5px;
  background: var(--accent);
  border-radius: 1px;
  transition: width 0.25s ease;
}
.nav a:hover {
  color: var(--paper);
  background: rgba(243,237,226,0.04);
}
.nav a.is-active {
  color: var(--paper);
}
.nav a.is-active::after {
  width: 18px;
}
.topbar-meta {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  display: flex;
  gap: 16px;
  align-items: center;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}
.dot {
  width: 7px; height: 7px; border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--moss);
  display: inline-block;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(143,193,110,0.6);
  animation: pulse 2.4s infinite;
}
@keyframes pulse {
  0% { box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(143,193,110,0.6); }
  70% { box-shadow: 0 0 0 8px rgba(143,193,110,0); }
  100% { box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(143,193,110,0); }
}

/* ---------- SECTION HEADER ---------- */
.section {
  padding: 88px 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  position: relative;
}
.section-head {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 220px 1fr;
  gap: 48px;
  margin-bottom: 56px;
  align-items: start;
}
.section-num {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 13.5px;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  color: var(--accent);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.section-num::before {
  content: ',  ';
}
.section-title {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: clamp(40px, 5vw, 64px);
  line-height: 0.98;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  margin: 0 0 16px 0;
  color: var(--paper);
}
.section-title em {
  font-family: var(--serif-italic);
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 400;
}
.section-kicker {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 19px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  max-width: 56ch;
  margin: 0;
}

/* ---------- v7 utilities ---------- */
.justified {
  text-align: justify;
  text-justify: inter-word;
  hyphens: auto;
  -webkit-hyphens: auto;
}

/* Research interests pyramid: left-aligned, increasing length top to bottom */
.rail-pyramid-up {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px;
  align-items: flex-start;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  line-height: 1.3;
}
.rail-pyramid-up .ri {
  display: block;
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
  color: var(--paper);
}
.rail-pyramid-up .ri-1 { font-size: 13.5px; opacity: 0.85; }
.rail-pyramid-up .ri-2 { font-size: 14px; opacity: 0.88; }
.rail-pyramid-up .ri-3 { font-size: 14.5px; opacity: 0.9; }
.rail-pyramid-up .ri-4 { font-size: 15px; opacity: 0.92; }
.rail-pyramid-up .ri-5 { font-size: 15.5px; opacity: 0.94; }
.rail-pyramid-up .ri-6 { font-size: 16px; opacity: 0.96; }
.rail-pyramid-up .ri-7 { font-size: 16.5px; opacity: 0.98; }
.rail-pyramid-up .ri-8 { font-size: 17px; opacity: 1; font-style: italic; font-family: var(--serif-italic); color: var(--accent); }

/* Sidebar Address: justified body text, left-aligned label */
.aff-address {
  padding-left: 0;
}
.aff-address .label {
  text-align: left;
}
.aff-address small {
  display: block;
  text-align: justify;
  text-justify: inter-word;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.4;
  color: var(--paper);
}

/* Bump section-internal caps headers (Three Threads, Selected Publications, Featured) */
.threads-head .caps,
.pubs-head .caps,
.fp-stamp .caps {
  font-size: 12.5px;
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  font-weight: 500;
}

/* Justify thread body paragraphs (sections I, II, III) */
.thread-justified p {
  text-align: justify;
  text-justify: inter-word;
  hyphens: auto;
  -webkit-hyphens: auto;
}

/* ---------- BUTTONS / CHIPS ---------- */
.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  padding: 11px 18px;
  border: 1px solid var(--paper);
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.2s;
}
.btn:hover { background: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--ink); }
.btn.ghost { background: transparent; color: var(--paper); border-color: var(--rule-strong); }
.btn.ghost:hover { background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink); border-color: var(--paper); }
.btn .arrow { transition: transform 0.2s; display: inline-block; }
.btn:hover .arrow { transform: translateX(3px); }

.chip {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  padding: 4px 10px;
  border: 1px solid var(--rule-strong);
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  background: transparent;
}
.chip-solid {
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  border-color: var(--paper);
}
.chip-accent {
  background: var(--accent);
  color: var(--paper);
  border-color: var(--accent);
}

/* ---------- COMMON ---------- */
.kbd {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  padding: 2px 6px;
  border: 1px solid var(--rule-strong);
  border-bottom-width: 2px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  background: var(--paper-2);
  color: var(--paper);
}

img { display: block; max-width: 100%; }

/* responsive */
@media (max-width: 880px) {
  .section-head { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 12px; }
  .nav { display: none; }
  .topbar-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; }
  .brand-meta { display: none; }
  .section { padding: 64px 0; }
}